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{\stylesheet{\s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\snext1 Default;}
{\s2\cf1{\*\tlswg8236}\tqc\tx4824{\*\tlswg8236}\tqr\tx9648{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\sbasedon1\snext2 Header;}
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{\*\cs5\cf1\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f3\fs24\lang1033 WW8NumSt2z0;}
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{\info{\author Sharon Tuttle}{\creatim\yr2000\mo8\dy30\hr13\min14}{\operator Sharon Tuttle}{\revtim\yr2003\mo2\dy23\hr23\min49}{\printim\yr2003\mo1\dy22\hr16\min55}{\comment StarWriter}{\vern6410}}\deftab720
{\*\pgdsctbl
{\pgdsc0\pgdscuse195\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn1296\margrsxn1296\margtsxn576\margbsxn576\headery0{\*\headeryb283\headerxl0\headerxr0\headeryh0}{\header \pard\plain \s2\cf1{\*\tlswg8236}\tqc\tx4824{\*\tlswg8236}\tqr\tx9648{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs16 {\ltrch\loch\f0 useful UNIX commands for CIS 180 L - Intro to SQL}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 last modified: 2-24-03\tab \tab p. {\field{\*\fldinst \\page}{\fldrslt 3}}}
\par }
\pgdscnxt0 Default;}}
\paperh15840\paperw12240\margl1296\margr1296\margt576\margb576\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn1296\margrsxn1296\margtsxn1229\margbsxn576\headery576{\header \pard\plain \s2\cf1{\*\tlswg8236}\tqc\tx4824{\*\tlswg8236}\tqr\tx9648{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs16 {\ltrch\loch\f0 useful UNIX commands for CIS 180 L - Intro to SQL}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 last modified: 2-24-03\tab \tab p. {\field{\*\fldinst \\page}{\fldrslt 3}}}
\par }
\ftnbj\ftnstart1\ftnrstcont\ftnnar\aenddoc\aftnrstcont\aftnstart1\aftnnrlc
\pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\qc\ltrch\loch\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 useful UNIX commands for CIS 180 L - Intro to SQL}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\qc\ltrch\loch\fs12\b 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b{\ltrch\loch\f0{\b0 * }  remember: {\b0 UNIX is CASE-SENSITIVE!}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\f2\fs12\b 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\f4\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f4 *   {\b redwood} is the HSU computer that has Oracle; you will be using the Oracle database {\b student} on redwood this semester. So, {\b telnet} to {\b redwood.humboldt.edu }to do the assignments for this class.}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 *   once you have logged on, here is a collection of UNIX commands that you might find useful in CIS 315:}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs14 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ul\ltrch\loch\fs20\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 help-related commands}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs12 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b man }{\b0{\i desired_command\tab }{\i0 print the UNIX manual page for }{\i desired_command}{\i0 , if it exists.}}}
\par 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b apropos }{\b0{\i string\tab \tab }{\i0 print names of UNIX commands followed by 1-line descriptions whose 1-line \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab descriptions contain }{\i string}{\b  }}{\b0\i0 within them.}}
\par 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ul\ltrch\loch\fs20\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 directory-related commands}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs12 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab cd{\b0 , }cd {\b0{\i dirname\tab \tab }{\i0 change directory command; make the current working directory }{\i dirname}, }{\b0\i0 or make}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab the home directory the current working directory if no directory name is given}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b .\tab \tab \tab }{\b0 a nickname for the current directory}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b ..\tab \tab \tab }a nickname for the parent of the current directory}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b ~}{\i username\tab \tab }{\i0 a nickname for }{\i username}{\i0 's home directory}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b ~}\tab \tab \tab a nickname for the current user's home directory}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b pwd\tab \tab \tab }{\b0 gives the name of the current (present) working directory}}
\par 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0{\b \tab mkdir }{\b0{\i dirname\tab \tab }{\i0 make a new directory named }{\i dirname}{\i0  in/under the current working directory}}}
\par 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0{\b \tab rmdir }{\b0{\i dirname}{\i0 \tab \tab remove the directory }{\i dirname}{\b  }}{\b0\i0 (note that it must be empty for this to work)}}
\par 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab ls\tab \tab \tab {\b0 list the contents of the current working directory}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033{\ltrch\loch\f0{\fs20{\b0 \tab }{\b ls   -l\tab \tab \tab }{\b0 ...in "long" format, which includes file permissions}{\b \tab }}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab ls   -ld\tab \tab \tab {\b0 ...including permissions and information for subdirectories, instead of}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab their contents}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b ls  }{\i dirname\tab \tab }{\i0 list the contents of directory }{\i dirname}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\i 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b\i0 chmod 755 }dirname\tab {\i0 make directory }dirname{\i0  world-readable}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b chmod 700 }{\i dirname\tab }protect directory {\i dirname }--- only YOU can read, write, or execute its contents.}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\b THIS SHOULD BE USED FOR HOMEWORK DIRECTORIES.}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ul\ltrch\loch\fs20\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 file-related commands}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ul\ltrch\loch\fs12\b 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b cp }{\i filename newfilename\tab }{\i0 creates a copy of the file }{\i filename }{\i0 with the name }{\i newfilename}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\i {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b\i0 cp }f1 f2 f3 f4 ... dirname\tab {\i0 creates copy of files }f1 f2 f3 f4 ... {\i0  (all that you care to list) in the directory}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\i dirname}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ul\ltrch\loch\fs20\b 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b mv }{\i filename newfilename\tab }{\i0 change the name of the file }{\i filename }to{\i0  the name }{\i newfilename}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\i {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b\i0 mv }f1 f2 f3 f4 ... dirname\tab {\i0 move files }f1 f2 f3 f4 ... {\i0  (all that you care to list) to the directory}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\i dirname}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs12 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab }
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b rm }{\b0{\i filename\tab \tab }{\i0 remove the file }{\i filename}}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs12 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b chmod 644 }{\b0{\i filename\tab }{\i0 make file }{\i filename}{\i0  world-readable}}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b chmod 600 }{\i filename\tab }protect file {\i filename }---only YOU can read or write it.}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b more }{\b0{\i filename\tab \tab }{\i0 look at the contents of file }{\i filename}{\i0  on-screen, one screen at a time}}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b cat }{\i filename\tab \tab }look at the contents of file {\i filename} on-screen, all at once}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b pico }{\b0{\i filename\tab \tab }{\i0 edit file }{\i filename }}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\i {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b\i0 vi }filename\tab }
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b emacs }{\i filename}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ul\ltrch\loch\fs20\b 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 commands and tips for stopping a UNIX process}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b ^C\tab \tab \tab }(typing Control key and c key at the same time) This can often be used, in}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab UNIX, to stop or kill a running command (actually, a command running in the \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab foreground). This is useful if you accidentally type in a command that prints out \tab \tab \tab \tab far more than you wanted to see, and also useful to stop a man command call \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab when
 you do not want to see the rest of the pages...}
\par 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b ps   -ef\tab \tab \tab }gives information about currently-running processes that you own. These may \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab be from other UNIX sessions than your current UNIX session. The name of \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab each process is in the far right column, and the {\b process id} for each process is in \tab \tab \tab 
\tab the second column.}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab }
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033{\ltrch\loch\f0{\ulnone\fs20{\b0 \tab }{\b kill   }{\b0{\i process_id\tab \tab }{\i0 stop, or kill, the process with process id }{\i process_id}{\i0 . I was always taught that}{\i \tab }}}}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0{\ulnone\fs20{\i0{\b0 \tab }{\b kill   -9  }}{\b0\i process_id}}\tab {\fs20{\b0 you should try the version without }{\b -9}{\b0  before you try the version with }{\b -9}{\b0 , because}}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab the former kills it less "messily". {\b This command is very useful to kill rogue \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab sqlplus sessions if you start getting error messages about tables being locked!}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ul\ltrch\loch\fs20\b 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 other commands and etc.}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs12 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b sqlplus\tab \tab \tab }start up the Oracle SQL*Plus program on redwood}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ul\ltrch\loch\fs20\b 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab *\tab \tab \tab {\b0 wildcard character that matches }any {\b0 0 or more characters.}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab example:   {\b ha*s} matches {\b has}, {\b ha3s}, {\b haaaaaaaaas}, etc.}
\par 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b ?\tab \tab \tab }wildcard character that matches {\b any} single character}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab example:   {\b ha?s} matches {\b hams}, {\b ha3s} but does NOT match {\b has}, {\b haaas}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b0 ESC key\tab \tab in several UNIX shells (including the default you get on redwood and axe),}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab typing the ESC key {\b twice} after you have started typing a file name will cause}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab the shell to try to {\b complete }(fill in) the file name you have started typing, if it \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab can. This is called {\b filename completion}.}
\par 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab grep  {\b0\i pattern  *}\tab \tab {\b0 look for files in the current working directory that contain }inside {\b0  of them\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab the pattern or letters {\i pattern}}\tab }
\par 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab diff {\b0{\i file1 file2\tab \tab }{\i0 compare the contents of }{\i file1 }{\i0 and }{\i file2}{\i0 , and show any differences. If the}}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab two files are identical, nothing is returned.}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab history\tab \tab \tab {\b0 show a list of the most recently-done commands in this UNIX session}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b !!\tab \tab \tab }redo the last UNIX command done}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b !}{\i com\tab \tab \tab }{\i0 redo the most recent UNIX command done starting with the letters }{\i com}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\i {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b\i0 !-}x\tab \tab \tab {\i0 redo the UNIX command done }x{\b  }{\i0 UNIX commands ago}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b !}{\i x\tab \tab \tab }redo the UNIX command numbered {\i x{\b  }}in the history list}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20{\ltrch\loch\f0{\b \tab up-arrow key\tab \tab }{\b0 (the key, you don't type this verbatim!) lets you scroll through the commands}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab in the history list (in several UNIX shells, including the axe and redwood \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab defaults).}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab }
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab quota\tab \tab \tab {\b0 lets you know how much of your disk space quota you are using --- the second}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab column, {\b blocks}, shows how much you are currently using, and the third column, \tab \tab \tab \tab {\b quota}, shows how much you are permitted to use. {\b Please note: }how much you \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab can store in your SQL account is {\b unrelated } to how much you can store on \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab redwood! I ca
n fill out a form to increase your redwood quota (for a good, \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab course-related reason) --- the form is usually processed within 24 hours. To \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab increase how much you can store in your SQL account (again, for a good, \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab course-related reason), we hav
e to contact HSU's Oracle DBA.}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b (continued on next page)}}
\par \page\pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20{\ltrch\loch\f0{\b \tab ftp\tab \tab \tab }{\b0 ftp is a program that can be used to copy your script and results files from }}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\b redwood} to {\b axe}, for e-mailing purposes. It is related to {\b ws-ftp} and {\b fetch}, }
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab neither of which works well in our case because neither redwood nor axe is }
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab the microcomputer you are working directly on. Using {\b ftp} is far preferable to}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab trying to cut-and-paste files between redwood and axe by hand, which is}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab tedious and tends to introduce errors.}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab }
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab To PUT files {\b from} redwood {\b to }axe:}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab {\b ftp axe\tab \tab \tab }typed on redwood, this connects you to axe}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab in an ftp session. It is easiest if you type this }
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab from the directory where the files to copy reside.}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab (You will be asked for your axe username and}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab password.)}
\par 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab Once you are connected to {\b axe}{\b0 , the following }{\b ftp commands}{\b0  will be useful:}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\b cd }{\i dirname\tab }{\i0 changes the directory ON AXE to where you want}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab the files copied}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab }
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\b put }{\i filename\tab }puts a copy of the file {\i filename{\b  }}from the current working}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab directory on redwood to the current working directory on}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab axe}
\par 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\b mput }{\i f1 f2 ... fx\tab }puts a copy of the files {\i f1, f2, ... fx }from the current working}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab directory on redwood to the current working directory on}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab axe, asking for confirmation for each file}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\b 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab ?\tab \tab {\b0 gives a list of ftp commands}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\b ? }{\i commd\tab }{\i0 gives a 1-line description of ftp command }{\i commd}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20\i 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\i0{\b quit\tab \tab }how you quit the ftp program, and return to redwood's}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab regular UNIX prompt.}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab (remember, when you are done, to PROTECT your files on axe with {\b chmod 600 }{\b0{\i fname}{\i0 !)}}}
\par 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab {\b pine\tab \tab }{\b0 an e-mail program on }{\b axe}{\b0  that you can use to e-mail me homework assignment \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab files. I will }{\b not}{\b0  accept homework files sent as attachments, so if your e-mail \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab program insists on making inclusions into attachments, you }{\b must}{\b0  use }{\b pine}{\b0  to \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab send
 me your homework assignment files.}}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab }
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab to {\b include} a file in an e-mail message, in pine:}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\b ^R\tab \tab }that is, move down into the body of the message, and then}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab type the control (CTRL) key and the letter r simultaneously.}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab You'll then be prompted for a file name; enter the desired}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab file name, and its contents will be inserted into the e-mail}
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab message.}
\par 
\par {\ltrch\loch\f0 \tab \tab \tab {\b\fs24 remember to CC: a copy of ANYTHING you send to me to YOURSELF, }}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\b {\ltrch\loch\f0                                     also!}
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\fs20 
\par 
\par \pard\plain \s1\cf1{\*\hyphen2\hyphlead2\hyphtrail2\hyphmax0}\aspalpha\rtlch\af7\afs24\lang255\ltrch\dbch\af6\afs24\langfe255\loch\f0\fs24\lang1033\ltrch\loch\f5\fs20\b 
\par }