Pyruvate DH Complex reaction mechanism

 

Lipoate structure

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kreb's TCA Cycle reactions and structures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Citrate synthase

Structural diagram for citrate synthase reaction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aconitase

Aconitase reaction structures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Isocitrate DH

Isocitrate DH reaction including structures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mainline Sequence

generalized diagram for mainline sequence reactions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

aerobic glucose metabolism pathway diagram including compartmentation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

* In some tissues (insect flight muscle, fast twitch muscle) the reducing equivalents of NADH must be pumped against a gradient at a cost of 1 ATP (it is used to make FADH2).

 Reaction
Energy Product

factor
ATP Equivalents
(@2.5 ATP/NAD)
ATP Equivalents
(@3 ATP/NAD)
Glycolysis
 Hexokinase
 ADP

1 x -1

- 1
-1 
 PFK
 ADP

1 x-1

- 1
 -1
 GA-3-P DH
 NADH

2 x 2.5 (1.5)*

5 (3)*
6 (4)*
PGA Kinase
 ATP

2 x1

2
 2
Pyruvate Kinase
 ATP

2 x 1

2
 2
 Pyruvate DH Complex & Kreb's Cycle
Pyruvate DH Complex
 NADH

2 x 2.5

5
 6
Isocitrate DH
 NADH

2 x 2.5

5
6 
2-oxoglutarate DH Complex
 NADH

2 x 2.5

5
 6
Succinyl-CoA Synthetase
 GTP

2 x 1

2
2 
Succinate DH
 FADH2

2 x 1.5

3
 4
Malate DH
 NADH

2 x 2.5

5
 6

  TOTAL=

32 (30)*
 38 (36)*

 

 

 

 

© R. A. Paselk 2010; Last modified 27 March 2013