mutarotation reaction for glucose

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Base catalysis of the mutarotation of glucose:

base-catalyzed reaction steps for glucose mutarotation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acid catalysis of the mutarotation of glucose:

acid-catalyzed reaction steps for glucose mutarotation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Phenol phenol structure

Pyridine pyridine structure

 

Concerted

concerted catalysis of glucose mutarotation by 1-hydroxypyridine

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Methanol synthesis from methyl iodide and water via an SN2 mechanism:

SN2 mechanism for the reaction of hydroxide ion with methyl iodide to give iodide ion and methanol

reaction coordinate diagram for the reaction of hydroxide and methyl iodide

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bromide catalyst

 

SN2 mechanism for the reaction of hydroxide ion with methyl iodide to give iodide ion and methanol catalyzed by bromide ion

 

 

 

reaction coordinate diagram for the reaction of hydroxide and methyl iodide catalyzed by bromide ion

 

 

 

© R. A. Paselk 2010; Last modified 27 February 2013