Interaction Type

Example

Average Strength, kcal/mol (kJ/mol)

Range**

Charge-dipole

-NH3+ Cl-

 

1/r2

Dipole-dipole

ClCH3 ClCH3

 

 1/r3

Dipole-induced dipole*

CH4 ClCH3

0.1-0.2 (0.4-4)

 1/r6

Dispersion*

(induced dipole-induced dipole)

CH4 CH4

0.1-0.2 (0.4-4)

1/r6

Hydrogen bond

 Hydrogen bonded water dimer

3-8 (12-30)

 

 van der Waals repulsion

 

 

1/r12

*van der Waals interactions, **from Zubay Biochemistry 3rd. Table 4.3, pg. 89

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Plot of covalent hydrides in groups 4A-7A

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    plot of water vapor pressure vs. temperature

    public domain image via Wikipedia Creative Commons

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    plot of ln (vapor pressure) vs. 1/T

     

     

 

© R A Paselk

Last modified 29 April 2015